Java发送Email邮件及SpringBoot集成
一:普通方式发送
1.导包
<!--Java MAil 发送邮件API-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.mail-api</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 真正的实现库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
</dependency>
2.代码
- 实例:通过一个已知的163邮箱发送给他人邮件
public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {
// 1.创建一个程序与邮件服务器会话对象 Session
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "SMTP");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.163.com");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "25");
// 指定验证为true
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.timeout", "1000");
// 验证账号及密码,密码对应邮箱授权码(163密码可行,qq必须授权码)
Authenticator auth = new Authenticator() {
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication("[email protected]", "xxxxx");
}
};
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, auth);
// 2.创建一个Message,它相当于是邮件内容
Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
// 设置发送者
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("xxx同上[email protected]"));
// 设置发送方式与接收者
message.setRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress("[email protected]"));
// 设置主题
message.setSubject("邮件发送测试");
// 设置内容
message.setContent("Hello!", "text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 3.创建 Transport用于将邮件发送
Transport.send(message);
}
- 实例:通过一个已知的QQ邮箱发送给他人邮件
public class QQMail {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {
// 创建Properties 类用于记录邮箱的一些属性
Properties props = new Properties();
// 表示SMTP发送邮件,必须进行身份验证
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//此处填写SMTP服务器
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com");
//端口号,QQ邮箱端口587
props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587");
// 此处填写,写信人的账号
props.put("mail.user", "[email protected]");
// 此处填写16位STMP口令
props.put("mail.password", "xxxx");
// 构建授权信息,用于进行SMTP进行身份验证
Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() {
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
// 用户名、密码
String userName = props.getProperty("mail.user");
String password = props.getProperty("mail.password");
return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
}
};
// 使用环境属性和授权信息,创建邮件会话
Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props, authenticator);
// 创建邮件消息
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession);
// 设置发件人
InternetAddress form = new InternetAddress(props.getProperty("mail.user"));
message.setFrom(form);
// 设置收件人的邮箱
String toMail = "[email protected]";
InternetAddress to = new InternetAddress(toMail);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
// 设置邮件标题
message.setSubject("标题");
// 设置邮件的内容体
message.setContent("内容", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 最后当然就是发送邮件啦
Transport.send(message);
}
}
二:SpringBoot的JavaMailSenderImpl发送
1.在resources下新建mailConfig.properties
mailConfig.properties
#服务器
mailHost=smtp.163.com
#端口号
mailPort=25
#邮箱账号(使用者改成自己的)
mailUsername=[email protected]
#邮箱密码(使用者改成自己的)
mailPassword=xxxxx
#时间延迟
mailTimeout=25000
2.新建一个类去读这个配置文件的内容
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Create by Martin 2018/5/28/028 21:00
*/
public class MailConfig {
private static final String PROPERTIES_DEFAULT = "mailConfig.properties";
public static String host;
public static Integer port;
public static String userName;
public static String passWord;
public static String emailForm;
public static String timeout;
public static String personal;
public static Properties properties;
static{
init();
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private static void init() {
properties = new Properties();
try{
InputStream inputStream = MailConfig.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(PROPERTIES_DEFAULT);
properties.load(inputStream);
inputStream.close();
host = properties.getProperty("mailHost");
port = Integer.parseInt(properties.getProperty("mailPort"));
userName = properties.getProperty("mailUsername");
passWord = properties.getProperty("mailPassword");
emailForm = properties.getProperty("mailUsername");
timeout = properties.getProperty("mailTimeout");
personal = "来自星星的我";//发送人
} catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
3.以上只是准备阶段,下面开始邮件编码
import com.example.config.MailConfig;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* Create by Martin 2018/5/28/028 21:05
*/
public class MailUtil {
private static final String HOST = MailConfig.host;
private static final Integer PORT = MailConfig.port;
private static final String USERNAME = MailConfig.userName;
private static final String PASSWORD = MailConfig.passWord;
private static final String emailForm = MailConfig.emailForm;
private static final String timeout = MailConfig.timeout;
private static final String personal = MailConfig.personal;
private static JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender = createMailSender();
/**
* 邮件发送器
*
* @return 配置好的工具
*/
private static JavaMailSenderImpl createMailSender() {
JavaMailSenderImpl sender = new JavaMailSenderImpl();
sender.setHost(HOST);
sender.setPort(PORT);
sender.setUsername(USERNAME);
sender.setPassword(PASSWORD);
sender.setDefaultEncoding("Utf-8");
Properties p = new Properties();
p.setProperty("mail.smtp.timeout", timeout);
p.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "false");
sender.setJavaMailProperties(p);
return sender;
}
/**
* 发送邮件
*
* @param to 接受人
* @param subject 主题
* @param html 发送内容
* @throws MessagingException 异常
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException 异常
*/
public static void sendMail(String to, String subject, String html) throws MessagingException,UnsupportedEncodingException {
MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
// 设置utf-8或GBK编码,否则邮件会有乱码
MimeMessageHelper messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true, "UTF-8");
messageHelper.setFrom(emailForm, personal);
messageHelper.setTo(to);
messageHelper.setSubject(subject);
messageHelper.setText(html, true);
mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}
4.开始发送一封邮件
public static void main(String[] args){
try {
MailUtil.sendMail("[email protected]", "标题", "内容");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
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